Combination crusher and grinder



Ma .y 4, 1943. v. E. CLARKE,

' COMBINATION CRUSHER AND GRINDER Filed May 27; 1940 FIG. I

.V'. R m m. I E I a 1M A I 6 A 4 a m m fill/ l/l/l/II/I W N m" 111 v V Patented May 4, 1943 COMINATION CRUSHER AND GRINDER Vernie E. Clarke, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor to Christine Association, Inc., a corporation of Cali ifornia Application May 27, 1940, Serial No. 337,485

1 Claim.

This invention relates to. mills of the type commonly utilized-for reducing the lump size of coal or ore and the like and has for anobjectthe provision of a mill adapted to receive relatively large lumpsof the material and reduce them to almost any desired degree of fineness in a single-operation.

. A more detailed object of my invention is to provide a mill of the general character indicated which operates-upon the large lumps in a crushing, action and uponthe' finer lumps. in a grinding action, wherebythe material is reduced in size not only to a much finer degree of fineness than can beobtained satisfactorily by any ordinarycrushing action-but also too. uniformity of particle size 1 sufiiciently accurate; and dependable. to permit disposing. With any screening of. the. product of ,themill :under. many; circumstances otits use.

' Another object is theprovision .of a combined crusher and grinder of the character described, wherein boththecrushing. and grinding operations are performed by the sameset. of opposed operatingzjaws, whichyare so designedand so disposed-with relation to each other that one part of'the movable jaw moves in a. line substantially perpendicular to';the' other. jaw. to develop the desiredisqueezingor crushin action upon the large lumps: and another: part of the .movable jaw movesback andforth parallelto the surface of theother jaw in close .contiguity thereto to develop the grinding action. desired for comminution of the finer particles of the material.

Another object is so to arrange the jaws that the materialbeingbperated upon passes from the crushing to. the grinding portionthereof and thence out of the mill continuously and by-gravity and in such a manner that just sosoon as a lump hasbeen reduced in'size the smaller particlesto which it hasbeen reduced will move on to another area of theimill where-they again will be acted upon for furthenreduction and thereby assure that themill is operating at full capacity and at maximum rate at all times.

Another, object of my invention is to provide means for adjusting at. least one of the jaws with respect to the-other whereby to effect variation in the'degree of fineness towh-ich'the material is reduced by the mill.

Another object is the provision of means for actuating the movable jaw in:such a manner that an extremely .high. mechanical advantage is gained with the result that great crushing and grinding force canbe exerted by the jaws without requiring an excessively. powerful driving -motor."

:Astill further object is the provision of a. combined crushing and grinding mill of the general character indicated which in spite otits high eliiciency and rapidrate of operation is of very simple construction and consequently inexpensive to manufacture, install and operate and which is so compact that it requires relatively little space for itsinstallation.

The invention possesses otherv objects and advantageous features, some of which with those enumerated will beset forthv in-the following description of the preferred embodiment of my-invention illustrated in the drawing accompanying and forming part of the specification. It is understood that'I do not limit myself to the showing made by the said drawing and descrip tion as I may adopt variations of thepreferred form within the scope of my invention as set forth in the claim.

Referring to the drawing:

Figure. l is a topplan view of a combined crushing-and grinding mill incorporating the principlesof the present invention.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 2-2 -of Figure land the directionof view by the. arrows.

Figure 3 is a view in side elevation of the operating end of the machine, showing the manner in which the movable jawis mounted.

Figure 4 is aview similar to Figure 2, but of only the operating end of the machine and-showing a slightly modified arrangement-of the operatingjaws.

Specifically describing the preferred embodiment of my combined crushing and grinding mill, the frame of the device comprises a pair of parallel longitudinal members I rigidly intercom nected and retained in spaced relation by trans-' verse members 8. 'All of these members can be formed conveniently of channel iron which facilitates their interconnection through the expedient of bolts 9 passing through the webs I l of the longitudinal channels I and through the flanges 12 of the transverse channels 8.

A stationary crushing and grinding jaw Hi is mounted adjacent one end of the frame as by being secured to the inner face of the associated transverse frame member 8, a plurality of bolts ii having countersunk heads [8 being employed for this purpose. Whereas the upper portion 19 of the jaw I3 is fiat, its lower portion 2| is of an arcuate form and so arranged with respect to the fiat portion 19 that the flat portion extends substantially tangentially from the arcuate portion.

The arc of the arcuate portion 2| is substantially 90 degrees and the flat portion is disposed substantially in a vertical plane.

The movable jaw 26 is carried by a transverse shaft 21 which extends across the frame and through aligned clearance holes 28 in the longitudinal member 1. Each end of the shaft 21 is supported in a hearing or journal 29 carried by a bracket 3| affixed to the outer face of the associated longitudinal frame member 1. Whereas any suitable bracket 3| may be employed, I have found it convenient to utilize a short length of angle iron wherein one flange 32 is welded as at 33 to the web II of the associated channel I with the other flange forming the bracket 3| by extending in a plane perpendicular to the face of the web The base 34 of the bearing 29 is clamped against this bracket flange 3| as by a plurality of bolts 36; and by interposing one or more shims 31, between the base 34 and the bracket 3| adjustment of the shaft 21 may easily be arranged. The movable jaw-26 is affixed to the shaft 21 between the spaced longitudinal frame members 1, for this purpose an anchoring plate 4| preferably being employed. This anchoring plate 4| is affixed rigidly and permanently as by welding to the shaft 21 in such arrangement that its forward face is substantially tangential with respect to. the shaft. The movable jaw 26 is removably but rigidly affixed to the forward face of the anchoring plate 4| as by a plurality of bolts 42 preferably having countersunk heads 43 so as to leave the operating face of the jaw 26 substantially smooth. The jaw 28 is formed similarly to the stationary jaw IS in that it comprises a flat portion 44 and an arcuate portion 46, the latter being arranged co-axially with respect to the shaft 21. Inasmuch as the shaft 21is mounted in such position that its axis is closely adjacent or actually at the axis of the arcuate portion 2| of the stationary jaw IE, it follows that the two arcuate portions 2| and 46 are disposed substantially co-axially. Moreover, the shaft 21 is mounted in such a position that only a very narrow space or clearance 41 remains between the arcuate portions 2| and 46 as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

The fiat portion 44 of the movable jaw 25 also extends tangentially from the arcuate portion 46 of that jaw; and the movable jaw 26 is so arranged that its tangential portion 44 slopes away from the tangential portion I13, thus providing a mouth 48 which tapers from its upper end toward the space 41 between the arcuate portions with the result that material 49 fed to the upper end of the tapering mouth 48 will assume a position therein, i. e., fall to a depth therein, determined by the lump size of that material, the larger lumps being retained adjacent the upper end of the tapering mouth 48, whereas the smaller lumps are permitted to fall further into the mouth with the result that all of the lumps regardless of their size will be wedged into firm engagement either with the actual crushing jaws or with other lumps. Hence when the jaws are caused to move towards each other the lumps will effectively be crushed, thus reduced in size to smaller particles whereupon they will fall by gravity further into the mouth 48 and closer to the space 41.

Means are provided for imparting the rocking motion to the shaft 21 and to the movable jaw 26 towards and away from the stationary jaw I 6,

about the axis of the shaft 21.. For this purpose size to a very fine state.

a relatively long arm 5| is provided, preferably in the form of an I-beam, rigidly and preferably permanently secured as by welding 52 to the afterface of the anchoring plate 4| and to the shaft 21. From the shaft 27 the arm 5| extends longitudinally of the frame between the mem: hers 1 thereof and is provided upon its distal end with a plate 53 to which a bearing 54 is secured asrby hold-down bolts56. Journaled within this bearing is a pin 51 carried by the lower end of a pitman arm 58 having a bearing 59 upon its upper end, this bearing engaging an eccentric 6| carried by a shaft 62 journaled in aligned bearings 63 mounted upon the frame.

7 One end 64 of the shaft 62 is extended to receive a gear 61 or the like whereby a prime mover of any suitable design may be operably coupled thereto to efiect rotation of the shaft 62.

The type of reciprocating means described is advantageous in that it affords an extremely high mechanical advantage. The eccentric BI is offset from the axis of the shaft 62 a relatively'small distance with the result that for each rotation of the shaft 62 only a slight longitudinal reciprocation of the pitman arm 58 results; and the arm 5| is of such length for each such reciprocation of the pitman arm 58 the movable jaw is caused to move towards the stationary jaw IS a considerably shorter distance but of course with greatly increased force. Accordingly very hard, resistant materials can be comminuted by the device of the present invention without having" As stated, the clearance 41 between the arcu-- ate portions 2| and 46 is very slight with the result that material is not permitted to flow from the machine until it has been reduced in This is a matter subject to adustment for the reason that the plane of the brackets 3| upon which the bearings 34 are mounted, is preferably substantially perpendicular to the plane bisecting the arms described by the arcuate portions 2| and 36. Hence any variation in the thickness of the shim or shims 3'! results in variation in the width of the clearance space 41 and corresponding variation in the size of the particles to which the material 49 is comminuted. It is also important that the final comminution is performed in a grinding action in contra-distinction to the crushing action which occurs within the tapered throat 48 for the reason that the only motion of which the movable jaw 26 is capable is about the axis of the shaft 2'1. The tangential portion 44 of the movable jaw moves back and forth towards the tangential portion IQ of the fixed jaw IS in a substantially straight line, whereas the arcuate portion 46 moves in its own arcuate plane about These plates pref-' I have found the machine of the present invention to be exceedingly efficacious by so adjusting the shaft 21 that the clearance 41 between the arcuate portions of the jaws is just as slight as can be obtained without permitting actual frictional engagement between these parts. When so adjusted the machine is capable of comminuting material to a degree of fineness so extreme that it passes through a Tyler screen as fine as 200 mesh. Furthermore, this extremely fine degree of comminution is obtained directly from lumps of material 49 of the maximum size which the mouth 48 is capable of receiving; the fiow of material through this tapering mouth being by gravity and continuous i. e., as soon as a lump is broken the smaller particles to which it has been reduced fall further into the tapering mouth where they are again acted upon because of the narrower -width of this mouth 48 at that point, with the result that they are again reduced in size and thus permitted to advance by gravity further into the machine until they reach the area 41 between the arcuate portions where they no longer are crushed but are subjected to a grinding action where their final comminution is efiected.

Attention is invited to the fact that in Fig. 2 the shaft 21 is so disposed that the area 41 wherein the grinding occurs is of gradually diminishing thickness for the reason that the axis of the shaft 21 is moved to the right slightly as viewed upon Fig. 2 from the axis of the arcuate portion Zl of the fixed jaw I6. Fig. 4 shows a slightly modified arrangement wherein the axis of the shaft 21' coincides with the axis of the arcuate portion 46' of the movable jaw 26' and also with the axis of the arcuate portion 2| of the stationary jaw l6. Which arrangement is advantageous depends of course ulpon the nature of the material being operated upon, the arrangement in Fig. 4 being resorted to where it is desired to extend the period during which the grinding of the material is carried out.

I claim:

In a combination crusher and grinder, a frame comprising a pair of spaced parallel longitudinal members having aligned openings therein, a transverse shaft extending with clearance through both of said openings, a plane surface bracket rigid with each of said frame members on the outer face thereof adjacent the associated opening, a bearing mounted on each of said brackets and supporting said shaft, adjusting means interposed between said bearings and brackets for shifting said shaft laterally thereof, a movable jaw mounted on said shaft between said longitudinal frame members and comprising an arcuate portion disposed substantially coaxially with said shaft and a portion extending tangentially from said arcuate portion, a fixed jaw mounted between said frame members and comprising an arcuate portion disposed adjacent and substantially concentrically with respect to said arcuate portion of said movable jaw and a portion extending tangentially therefrom, the tangential portions of said jaws being disposed in divergent relation to provide a mouth tapering to the space between said arcuate portions and means for rocking the shaft, the plane of the surface of each of said brackets on which the associated bearing is supported being substantially perpendicular to the plane bisecting said arcuate portion of said jaws, and said adjusting means being of uniform thickness plate.

VERNIE E. CLARKE. 

